IMPACT OF PREOPERATIVE INSOMNIA ON POOR POSTOPERATIVE PAIN CONTROL AFTER ELECTIVE SPINE SURGERY AND THE MODIFIED CALGARY POSTOPERATIVE PAIN AFTER SPINE SURGERY (MCAPPS) SCORE

Background: Approximately 30% to 64% of patients experience inadequate pain control following spine surgery.The Calgary postoperative pain after spine surgery (CAPPS) score was developed to identify this subset of patients.The here impact of preoperative insomnia on postoperative pain control is unknown.This study aimed to investigate the relations

Variable stiffness actuator is a new actuation of robot which is inspired by motor control of human arm.And it is promising way to exploit the human-like performance and human-like motion.However, due to the mechanical complexity and redundancy of the actuators, it is not trivial to control the variable stiffness actuated robot to perform a human-l

Here, the potential of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) in grading calcareous rocks for the lime industry was investigated.In particular, we developed a system equipped with non-intensified detectors operating in scanning mode, defined a suitable data acquisition protocol, and implemented quantitative data processing using both partial l